Abstract All patients who are candidates for transcatheter closure of an ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) should undergo a detailed echocardiographic assessment using 2D transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) prior to the procedure. It is essential for a comprehensive analysis of interatrial septal anatomy and for determining defect eligibility for the procedure. The type, number, size, location and morphology of the ASD, as well as the quality of the surrounding septal tissue and its relationship with adjacent cardiac structures, should be […]

Introduction Atrial septal defects (ASD) account for 7–10% of congenital heart anomalies., ASD are classified as three anatomical types: ostium secundum (OS) (70% of cases), ostium primum (15–20% of cases), and sinus venosus (5–10% of cases) defects. OS involves the fossa ovalis region and results from poor embryological development of septum secundum or excessive absorption of septum primum resulting in the lack of a septum in the fossa ovalis. Affected patients are usually asymptomatic. Exercise intolerance in the form of […]

Introduction Atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common congenital heart disease in adults; in specific cases, it has indications for treatment. The percutaneous approach has been highlighted as a less invasive method to close this defect, specifically in cases of ostium secundum ASD; however, it can have complications as described in the following report. […]

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