ABC Imagem Cardiovasc. 2026; 39(3): e20260059
Correlating Invasive and Echocardiographic Hemodynamic Measures in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
DOI: 10.36660/abcimg.20260059i
Abstract
Background:
The management of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) has advanced with the use of invasive hemodynamic markers such as cardiac power output (CPO) and pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPI). Simultaneously, interest has grown in noninvasive prognostic indicators, especially the left ventricular outflow tract velocity–time integral (LVOT-VTI).
Objective:
This study aimed to assess the correlation between invasive and echocardiographic parameters, particularly CPO, PAPI, and LVOT-VTI, in patients with HFrEF.
Methods:
This cross-sectional, single-center study included inpatients and outpatients with chronic stable or acutely decompensated HFrEF. Individuals with cardiogenic shock (CS) were excluded. Right heart catheterization (RHC) and echocardiography were performed on the same day. Statistical significance was defined as a two-sided p value < 0.05.
Results:
Significant correlations were observed between invasive and echocardiographic CPO (r = 0.737, p < 0.001) and PAPI (r = 0.604, p < 0.05). LVOT-VTI showed significant correlation with CPO measured via pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) (r = 0.469, p < 0.01). Echocardiographic PAPI was measurable in only 16 patients. A sensitivity analysis of those receiving inotropes showed an even stronger correlation between invasive and echocardiographic CPO (r = 0.812, p = 0.005).
Conclusion:
Echocardiographic and invasive hemodynamic parameters showed significant correlations in HFrEF, particularly CPO, supporting echocardiography as a potential alternative for hemodynamic assessment. However, the low feasibility of noninvasive PAPI measurement highlights important limitations in this population.
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