Introduction Lutembacher syndrome (LS) is defined by the simultaneous presence of an atrial septal defect (ASD) and mitral stenosis (MS). Although it is a rare condition, its clinical significance lies in the considerable hemodynamic impact and the potential for early progression to irreversible pulmonary hypertension (PH). The exact prevalence of LS remains unknown. However, for estimation purposes, MS is considered the most frequent manifestation of rheumatic fever (RF) in young women, and the prevalence of RF in developing countries ranges […]