Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc 2018; 31(4): 252-257

Evaluation of Paravalvular Leaks using Three-dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography with Color Doppler

DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20180039

Abstract

Background

Paravalvular leaks are a common complication after valve replacement surgery. Quantification of the severity, location and morphology of paravalvular leaks can be obtained by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.

Objective

To evaluate the correlation between the severity of paravalvular regurgitation by vena contracta measurement using bidimensional echocardiography, and measurements derived from three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (length, width and area). To evaluate the therapeutic success of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography-guided paravalvular leaks occlusion and the correlation between three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography measurements and dimensions of devices for percutaneous occlusion.

Method

Retrospective study of 11 patients consecutively submitted to percutaneous paravalvular leaks treatment between 2014 and 2015, using transthoracic echocardiography and between three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in the preoperative and intraoperative periods.

Results

Out of a total of 20 paravalvular leaks, 18 showed immediate technical success. There was no correlation between the measurements of the bidimensional vena contracta and the measures derived from the three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. There was a strong correlation between the defect length measured by the three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography and the device for percutaneous occlusion length (rho = 0.929; p < 0.001); and moderate between the defect area and the device for percutaneous occlusion area (rho = 0.682, p = 0.002). There was no correlation between the device for percutaneous occlusion width and the defect width measured by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (rho = 0.440; p = 0.067).

Conclusion

There was no correlation between the measurement of the bidimensional vena contracta and the measures derived from the three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. The choice of devices for percutaneous occlusion based on three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography measurements showed a high success rate, with an excellent correlation between defect length and devices for percutaneous occlusion length. The correlation between the areas was good, and there was no correlation between the widths. (Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc. 2018;31(4):225-230)