Abstract Recent studies have indicated that patent foramen ovale (PFO) may cause cryptogenic stroke in young patients presenting anatomical conditions that can favor it and that transcatheter occlusion reduces the incidence of stroke versus clinical treatment. A transesophageal echocardiographic study with agitated saline injection associated with the Valsalva maneuver can evidence right-to-left shunt with high sensitivity (89%) and specificity (92%). The Risk of Paradoxical Embolism trial evaluated the clinical characteristics of stroke patients with PFO; established a risk score for […]

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