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<article article-type="case-report" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abcic</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>ABC Imagem Cardiovascular</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ABC Imagem Cardiovasc.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
			<issn pub-type="ppub">2318-8219</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiolodia (DIC/SBC)</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="other">02204</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20260042i</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Case Report</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Combined Minimally Invasive Transcatheter Approach for Aortic Stenosis and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Case Report</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1746-2124</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Silva</surname>
						<given-names>Núbia Andrade</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0008-8931-3842</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Garcia</surname>
						<given-names>Nassandro Machado</given-names>
						<suffix>Júnior</suffix>
					</name>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0009-8153-7304</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Trindade</surname>
						<given-names>Victor Tavares</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0000-6622-1613</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Manoel</surname>
						<given-names>Joaquim</given-names>
						<suffix>Neto</suffix>
					</name>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-3813-0428</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Carrijo</surname>
						<given-names>Eduardo Nazareno dos Anjos</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0006-0761-0911</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Carrijo</surname>
						<given-names>Liza Batista Siqueira</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8763-561X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Gardenghi</surname>
						<given-names>Giulliano</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9832-426X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Prudente</surname>
						<given-names>Maurício Lopes</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff1">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Encore</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Aparecida de Goiânia</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">GO</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital Encore, Aparecida de Goiânia, GO – Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">
					<label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>Núbia Andrade Silva</bold> • Hospital Encore. R. Gurupi, S/N, Quadra 25, Lote 06/08. Postal Code: <postal-code>74905-350</postal-code>. Aparecida de Goiânia, GO – Brazil E-mail: <email>nubiamedgd@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="coi-statement">
					<label>Potential Conflict of Interest</label>
					<p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<label>Editor responsible for the review:</label>
					<p>Andrea Vilela</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>24</day>
				<month>09</month>
				<year>2026</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<year>2026</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>39</volume>
			<issue>3</issue>
			<elocation-id>e20260042</elocation-id>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>27</day>
					<month>03</month>
					<year>2026</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="rev-recd">
					<day>06</day>
					<month>04</month>
					<year>2026</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>23</day>
					<month>07</month>
					<year>2026</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<title>Keywords</title>
				<kwd>Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm</kwd>
				<kwd>Endovascular Aneurysm Repair</kwd>
				<kwd>Aortic Valve Stenosis</kwd>
				<kwd>Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement</kwd>
				<kwd>Heart Valve Diseases</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<funding-group>
				<funding-statement><bold>Sources of Funding</bold> There were no external funding sources for this study.</funding-statement>
			</funding-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="6"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="22"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<sec sec-type="intro">
			<title>Introduction</title>
			<p>An aortic aneurysm is defined as a localized arterial dilation exceeding the normal vessel diameter by more than 50% or the expected diameter of the specific aortic segment by more than 2 standard deviations.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) among individuals aged &gt; 65 years is significantly higher in men.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> AAA rupture is associated with high mortality, estimated at 80%-90%, particularly when prehospital deaths are taken into account.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> The management of this condition has advanced substantially, particularly following the development of vascular endografts with improved safety and flexibility profiles.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> These technological advances have expanded therapeutic options for patients considered to be at high surgical risk or with anatomical characteristics unfavorable for open surgical repair.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
			<p>Severe aortic stenosis (AS) is the leading cause of left ventricular (LV) outflow tract obstruction and most commonly manifests clinically as dyspnea, dizziness or syncope, and angina pectoris.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Symptomatic severe AS, even when clinical manifestations are mild, requires intervention because, in the absence of valve replacement, it is associated with a poor prognosis, with a mean survival of only 2-3 years and a high risk of sudden cardiac death.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> In patients with severe calcific AS, surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are the mainstays of treatment, providing symptom relief and improved survival.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> The coexistence of severe AS and AAA has been increasingly observed, a phenomenon attributed in part to population aging.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
			<p>In patients with multiple comorbidities, including non–dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD), who undergo combined percutaneous interventions, exposure to iodinated contrast medium (ICM) may contribute to deterioration of kidney function. In this setting, carbon dioxide digital subtraction angiography (CO<sub>2</sub>-DSA) has been used as a strategy to reduce the ICM burden and consequently minimize the risk of postprocedural deterioration of kidney function.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup></p>
			<p>We report the case of a 79-year-old man with multiple comorbidities who was diagnosed with symptomatic severe AS and AAA and had a history of SAVR with a bioprosthetic valve. The therapeutic strategy consisted of TAVI followed by endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of the abdominal aorta, both performed during the same procedure.</p>
			<p>This case report was reviewed and approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee at Centro de Excelência em Ensino, Pesquisa e Projetos &quot;Leide das Neves Ferreira&quot; under CAAE No. 92462825.6.0000.5082.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="cases">
			<title>Case report</title>
			<p>A 79-year-old man was electively admitted for combined treatment of symptomatic severe AS and an infrarenal AAA. His medical history was complex and included non–dialysis-dependent CKD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. In 2014, he had undergone SAVR with a bioprosthetic valve. During the immediate postoperative period, he experienced two successfully resuscitated cardiac arrests and a stroke of presumed cardioembolic etiology, resulting in permanent right-sided hemiparesis. Regarding lifestyle factors, he was a former smoker and reported occasional alcohol consumption.</p>
			<p>Following discussion by the multidisciplinary Heart Team and given the persistence of symptoms despite optimal medical therapy, a sequential percutaneous strategy was selected, with both procedures performed during the same operative session. The procedure was performed under general anesthesia. Vascular access was obtained through the right femoral vein for temporary pacemaker insertion, the left femoral artery for ancillary devices, and the right radial artery for invasive blood pressure monitoring. For the main right femoral arterial access, an 8-F introducer sheath was used, followed by preclosure with two ProGlide<sup>®</sup> devices (Abbott) according to a standardized ultrasound-guided technique.</p>
			<p>A stiff hydrophilic guidewire, supported by a 5-F JR catheter, was then advanced into the thoracic aorta, carefully traversing the infrarenal aneurysm and allowing placement of an 18-F introducer sheath. The dysfunctional aortic bioprosthesis was crossed using a JR catheter and hydrophilic guidewire, which were subsequently exchanged for a pigtail catheter and a 0.035″ × 260-cm Confida<sup>®</sup> guidewire positioned at the LV apex.</p>
			<p>After confirmation of the transvalvular gradient by simultaneous LV and aortic pressure measurements, a 26-mm SAPIEN 3 prosthesis was implanted in a valve-in-valve configuration. Under rapid ventricular pacing at 180 bpm and continuous angiographic and transesophageal echocardiographic monitoring, the prosthesis was successfully deployed and expanded. Postdilation was subsequently performed using a 26-mm balloon (+2 mL), while maintaining the rapid ventricular pacing protocol. Postimplantation assessment showed no paravalvular leak, valvular regurgitation, or pericardial effusion, with appropriate positioning and stability of the prosthesis. Final pressure measurements demonstrated a marked reduction in the mean transvalvular gradient to 4.0 mmHg (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figures 1A</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">1B</xref>, and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">1C</xref>).</p>
			<fig id="f1">
				<label>Figure 1</label>
				<caption>
					<title>Steps of TAVI in a valve-in-valve configuration. A) Positioning of the SAPIEN 3 prosthesis within the dysfunctional aortic bioprosthesis. B) Expansion of the SAPIEN 3 prosthesis by balloon inflation. C) Postimplantation result demonstrating appropriate prosthesis positioning.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-03-e20260042-gf01.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<p>Endovascular treatment of the infrarenal AAA was then performed. Because of preexisting CKD, a nephroprotective strategy using CO<sub>2</sub> delivered through the Angiodroid<sup>®</sup> system as the primary contrast agent was adopted. This strategy enabled angiographic mapping and endograft positioning with minimal exposure to ICM, with the aim of reducing the risk of acute kidney injury (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figures 2A</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">2B</xref>). Over an extra-stiff Lunderquist<sup>®</sup> guidewire, a 25 × 103-mm Endurant<sup>®</sup> bifurcated endograft was deployed with preservation of the renal arteries. The reconstruction was extended bilaterally into the common iliac arteries using ETLW<sup>®</sup> endografts, while preserving the internal iliac arteries. Final angiography demonstrated complete exclusion of the aneurysm sac, no endoleaks, and preserved arterial flow (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figures 3A</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">3B</xref>). Vascular access sites were closed percutaneously using suture-mediated closure devices, with additional ProGlide<sup>®</sup> devices required to control bleeding at the access site.</p>
			<fig id="f2">
				<label>Figure 2</label>
				<caption>
					<title>CO<sub>2</sub>-DSA before the intervention demonstrating a large infrarenal AAA.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-03-e20260042-gf02.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<fig id="f3">
				<label>Figure 3</label>
				<caption>
					<title>EVAR of the AAA. A) Control angiography after endograft deployment, demonstrating appropriate positioning and preserved flow in the renal and iliac arteries. B) Angiography demonstrating the final result.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-03-e20260042-gf03.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<p>Postoperatively, the patient remained in the intensive care unit and was hemodynamically stable, in sinus rhythm, with improvement in dyspnea. Transient thrombocytopenia was observed, with a nadir platelet count of 85,000/<italic>μ</italic>L and spontaneous recovery. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 2 in good overall condition, with outpatient follow-up scheduled.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="discussion">
			<title>Discussion</title>
			<p>Degenerative cardiovascular diseases, such as severe AS and AAA, are prevalent among older adults and may coexist in the same patient.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> The present case falls within this context, as the patient not only had both conditions but also had multiple comorbidities that conferred high cardiovascular risk and increased the complexity of the therapeutic strategy.</p>
			<p>Traditionally, TAVI for AS and EVAR of the abdominal aorta are performed as separate procedures. However, sequential performance of both interventions during a single session has emerged as an alternative for selected high-risk patients, with the potential to reduce exposure to multiple procedures and facilitate faster recovery.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> Severe AS is associated with an increased risk of complications during noncardiac surgery, and its coexistence with AAA adds complexity to hemodynamic management during aneurysm repair, underscoring the importance of an individualized and integrated therapeutic strategy.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref></sup></p>
			<p>Case reports and small case series have demonstrated the technical feasibility of concomitant TAVI and EVAR during the same session.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref></sup> This strategy may be associated with a shorter overall hospital stay and potentially fewer perioperative complications. In a multicenter retrospective study involving 44 patients, 25 of whom underwent concomitant procedures, Gallito et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref></sup> observed a shorter hospital stay and fewer pulmonary complications with the simultaneous approach, with no apparent difference in survival during follow-up. Although promising, these findings should be interpreted with caution given the small sample size and observational nature of data.</p>
			<p>Alternatively, TAVI and EVAR may be performed as staged procedures, and the sequence of interventions should be determined by the predominant clinical condition, vascular anatomy, risk of aneurysm rupture, and severity of AS, preferably following multidisciplinary evaluation.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref></sup> In some circumstances, EVAR may be performed first because of the theoretical concern that an increase in systemic blood pressure after correction of AS could increase the risk of aneurysm rupture. Conversely, TAVI may be prioritized when AS is the primary determinant of symptoms or immediate clinical risk.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup> In the present case, sequential TAVI and EVAR were performed during a single operative session, a strategy associated with a favorable clinical course and hospital discharge on postoperative day 2.</p>
			<p>Despite its potential advantages, performing TAVI and EVAR during a single session poses technical and logistical challenges and requires careful planning and an experienced multidisciplinary team. The sequence of interventions should be determined by factors including the severity of AS, risk of AAA rupture, and individual anatomical characteristics.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup> In addition, appropriate management of antithrombotic therapy is important to balance the risks of thrombotic and bleeding events,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup> while advanced imaging modalities contribute to procedural planning and accurate device deployment.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup> Heart Team discussion therefore plays a pivotal role in patient selection and in determining the most appropriate therapeutic strategy.</p>
			<p>Performing both procedures during a single session offers potential advantages, particularly the possibility of reducing hospital length of stay and accelerating recovery, which are especially relevant for older, frail patients with multiple comorbidities.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> This strategy also avoids repeated exposure to anesthesia and the risks inherent in two separate procedures.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup> In the current case, preservation of kidney function was an additional concern because of non–dialysis-dependent CKD. The use of CO<sub>2</sub>-DSA with reduced exposure to ICM represents a useful strategy for minimizing contrast burden in patients with impaired kidney function.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup></p>
			<p>Conversely, the single-session approach has inherent limitations related to greater technical complexity and the need for a specialized team, detailed planning, and availability of specific resources.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> The longer procedural duration may increase exposure to anesthesia and radiation,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup> while the need for specialized devices, materials, and infrastructure may increase procedure-related costs.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup></p>
			<p>The prognosis after sequential TAVI and EVAR is multifactorial and depends largely on careful patient selection and the experience of the treating team.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup> This approach is generally considered for patients at high surgical risk, in whom performing separate procedures may entail greater risk because of the coexistence of both conditions.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> Preliminary evidence suggests favorable periprocedural outcomes in carefully selected patients, with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup></p>
			<p>Long-term survival is influenced by procedural success, preexisting comorbidities, and the patient's overall clinical status. Thus, regular postoperative follow-up is essential to assess prosthetic device performance and monitor cardiovascular outcomes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup> Future studies involving larger cohorts and longer follow-up periods are needed to more accurately determine the impact of this strategy on the prognosis of patients with complex clinical conditions.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup></p>
			<p>This case report has several limitations that should be considered. No electrocardiogram was obtained before the interventions, which limited characterization of the patient's baseline electrocardiographic findings. In addition, quality of life was not systematically assessed using specific validated instruments before the procedures or during early and late postoperative follow-up.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="conclusions">
			<title>Conclusion</title>
			<p>This case report demonstrates the feasibility and successful combined use of TAVI and EVAR for the concomitant treatment of severe AS and AAA in an older patient with multiple comorbidities and high surgical risk. The single-session minimally invasive approach enabled treatment of both conditions, with a favorable clinical course, short hospital stay, and early recovery. These findings support the potential of this strategy as a therapeutic alternative for carefully selected patients, particularly those in whom conventional surgical procedures are associated with high risk.</p>
		</sec>
	</body>
	<back>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure" id="fn1">
				<label>Sources of Funding</label>
				<p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
				<label>Study Association</label>
				<p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn3">
				<label>Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate</label>
				<p>This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee Leide das Neves Ferreira – LNF under protocol number 92462825.6.0000.5082, dated 10/14/2025. All procedures in this study were in accordance with the 1975 Helsinki Declaration, updated in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn4">
				<label>Use of Artificial Intelligence</label>
				<p>The authors did not use any artificial intelligence tools in the development of this work.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
		<sec sec-type="data-availability" specific-use="data-not-available">
			<title>Availability of Research Data</title>
			<p>The data cannot be made publicly available.</p>
		</sec>
		<ref-list>
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					<article-title>Editor's Choice - European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2019 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Abdominal Aorto-Iliac Artery Aneurysms</article-title>
					<source>Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg</source>
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	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="pt">
		<front-stub>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20260042</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Abordagem Transcateter Combinada e Minimamente Invasiva para Estenose Aórtica e Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal: Relato de Caso</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1746-2124</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Silva</surname>
						<given-names>Núbia Andrade</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0008-8931-3842</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Garcia</surname>
						<given-names>Nassandro Machado</given-names>
						<suffix>Júnior</suffix>
					</name>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0009-8153-7304</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Trindade</surname>
						<given-names>Victor Tavares</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0000-6622-1613</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Manoel</surname>
						<given-names>Joaquim</given-names>
						<suffix>Neto</suffix>
					</name>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-3813-0428</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Carrijo</surname>
						<given-names>Eduardo Nazareno dos Anjos</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0006-0761-0911</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Carrijo</surname>
						<given-names>Liza Batista Siqueira</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8763-561X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Gardenghi</surname>
						<given-names>Giulliano</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9832-426X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Prudente</surname>
						<given-names>Maurício Lopes</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff2">
					<label>1</label>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Aparecida de Goiânia</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">GO</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital Encore, Aparecida de Goiânia, GO – Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c2">
					<label>Correspondência:</label><bold>Núbia Andrade Silva</bold> • Hospital Encore. R. Gurupi, S/N, Quadra 25, Lote 06/08. CEP: <postal-code>74905-350</postal-code>. Aparecida de Goiânia, GO – Brasil E-mail: <email>nubiamedgd@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="coi-statement">
					<label>Potencial Conflito de Interesse</label>
					<p>Declaro não haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<label>Editor responsável pela revisão:</label>
					<p>Andrea Vilela</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
				<title>Palavras-chave</title>
				<kwd>Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal</kwd>
				<kwd>Correção Endovascular de Aneurisma</kwd>
				<kwd>Estenose da Valva Aórtica</kwd>
				<kwd>Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter</kwd>
				<kwd>Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<funding-group>
				<funding-statement><bold>Fontes de Financiamento</bold> O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</funding-statement>
			</funding-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<sec sec-type="intro">
				<title>Introdução</title>
				<p>O aneurisma da aorta é definido como uma dilatação arterial localizada que excede em mais de 50% o diâmetro normal do vaso ou em 2 desvios-padrão o diâmetro esperado para o segmento aórtico específico.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> A prevalência do aneurisma da aorta abdominal (AAA) em indivíduos com idade &gt; 65 anos é significativamente maior no sexo masculino.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> A ruptura do AAA está associada a elevada letalidade, estimada em 80%-90%, sobretudo quando considerados os óbitos ocorridos em ambiente pré-hospitalar.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> O manejo dessa condição tem apresentado avanços substanciais, particularmente após o desenvolvimento de endopróteses vasculares com perfis aprimorados de segurança e flexibilidade.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Essa evolução tecnológica ampliou as opções terapêuticas para pacientes considerados de alto risco cirúrgico ou com características anatômicas desfavoráveis ao reparo cirúrgico aberto.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
				<p>A estenose aórtica (EAo) grave constitui a principal causa de obstrução da via de saída do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) e manifesta-se clinicamente, sobretudo, por dispneia, tontura ou síncope e angina pectoris.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> A EAo grave sintomática, mesmo na presença de manifestações clínicas discretas, requer intervenção, uma vez que, na ausência de substituição valvar, está associada a prognóstico desfavorável, com sobrevida média de apenas 2-3 anos e elevado risco de morte súbita.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Em pacientes com EAo calcificada grave, a substituição cirúrgica da valva aórtica (surgical aortic valve replacement [SAVR]) e o implante transcateter de valva aórtica (transcatheter aortic valve implantation [TAVI]) constituem os principais pilares terapêuticos, proporcionando melhora dos sintomas e aumento da sobrevida.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> A coexistência de EAo grave e AAA tem sido observada com frequência crescente, fenômeno atribuído em parte ao envelhecimento populacional.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Em pacientes com múltiplas comorbidades, incluindo doença renal crônica (DRC) não dialítica, submetidos a intervenções percutâneas combinadas, a exposição ao meio de contraste iodado (MCI) pode contribuir para a deterioração da função renal. Nesse contexto, a angiografia por subtração digital com dióxido de carbono (CO<sub>2</sub>-DSA) tem sido empregada como estratégia para reduzir a carga de MCI e, consequentemente, minimizar o risco de deterioração da função renal após o procedimento.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Relata-se o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, de 79 anos, com múltiplas comorbidades, diagnosticado com EAo grave sintomática e AAA e com antecedente de SAVR por bioprótese. A estratégia terapêutica consistiu em TAVI, seguido de reparo endovascular do aneurisma (<italic>endovascular aneurysm repair</italic> [EVAR]) da aorta abdominal, realizados no mesmo ato operatório.</p>
				<p>O presente relato de caso foi apreciado e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro de Excelência em Ensino, Pesquisa e Projetos &quot;Leide das Neves Ferreira&quot; sob o CAAE n° 92462825.6.0000.5082.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="cases">
				<title>Relato de caso</title>
				<p>Paciente do sexo masculino, de 79 anos, foi admitido eletivamente para abordagem terapêutica combinada de EAo grave sintomática e AAA infrarrenal. Apresentava histórico médico complexo, incluindo DRC não dialítica, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica e fibrilação atrial paroxística. Em 2014, havia sido submetido à SAVR por bioprótese, evoluindo, no pós-operatório imediato, com duas paradas cardiorrespiratórias revertidas e acidente vascular encefálico de provável etiologia cardioembólica, com hemiparesia direita permanente como sequela. Quanto aos hábitos de vida, era ex-tabagista e referia consumo social de bebidas alcoólicas.</p>
				<p>Após discussão pela equipe multidisciplinar (<italic>Heart Team</italic>) e diante da persistência dos sintomas apesar da terapia farmacológica otimizada, optou-se por uma estratégia percutânea sequencial, com realização de ambos os procedimentos no mesmo ato operatório. O procedimento foi realizado sob anestesia geral. Os acessos vasculares foram obtidos por punção da veia femoral direita para inserção de marca-passo provisório, da artéria femoral esquerda para dispositivos auxiliares e da artéria radial direita para monitorização invasiva da pressão arterial. Para o acesso principal pela artéria femoral direita, utilizou-se introdutor 8 F, seguido de pré-fechamento com dois dispositivos ProGlide<sup>®</sup> (Abbott), conforme técnica padronizada e guiada por ultrassonografia.</p>
				<p>Na sequência, uma corda-guia hidrofílica <italic>stiff</italic>, auxiliada por cateter JR 5 F, foi avançada até a aorta torácica, com transposição cuidadosa do aneurisma infrarrenal, permitindo o posicionamento de introdutor 18 F. A bioprótese aórtica disfuncionante foi transposta com cateter JR e corda-guia hidrofílica, posteriormente substituídos por cateter <italic>pigtail</italic> e corda-guia Confida<sup>®</sup> 0,035&quot; × 260 cm, posicionada no ápice do VE.</p>
				<p>Após confirmação do gradiente transvalvar por manometria simultânea entre o VE e a aorta, procedeu-se ao implante de uma prótese SAPIEN 3 de 26 mm em configuração <italic>valve-in-valve</italic>. Sob estimulação ventricular rápida (<italic>rapid pacing</italic>) a 180 bpm e monitorização contínua por angiografia e ecocardiografia transesofágica, a prótese foi implantada e expandida com sucesso. Em seguida, realizou-se pós-dilatação com balão de 26 mm (+2 mL), mantendo-se o protocolo de estimulação ventricular rápida. A avaliação após o implante demonstrou ausência de <italic>leak</italic> paravalvar, insuficiência valvar ou derrame pericárdico, além de adequado posicionamento e estabilidade da prótese. A manometria final evidenciou redução expressiva do gradiente médio transvalvar para 4,0 mmHg (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figuras 1A</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">1B</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">1C</xref>).</p>
				<fig id="f4">
					<label>Figura 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Etapas do implante transcateter de valva aórtica em configuração valve-in-valve. A) Posicionamento da prótese SAPIEN 3 no interior da bioprótese aórtica disfuncionante. B) Expansão da prótese SAPIEN 3 por insuflação do balão. C) Resultado após o implante, demonstrando adequado posicionamento da prótese.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-03-e20260042-gf01-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<p>Na sequência, procedeu-se ao tratamento endovascular do AAA infrarrenal. Em razão da DRC preexistente, adotou-se estratégia de nefroproteção baseada na utilização de CO<sub>2</sub>, por meio do sistema Angiodroid<sup>®</sup>, como principal agente de contraste. Essa estratégia permitiu o mapeamento angiográfico e o posicionamento das endopróteses com exposição mínima ao MCI, visando reduzir o risco de injúria renal aguda (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f5">Figuras 2A</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f5">2B</xref>). Sob corda-guia <italic>extra-stiff</italic> Lunderquist<sup>®</sup>, implantou-se endoprótese bifurcada Endurant<sup>®</sup> 25 × 103 mm, com preservação das artérias renais. A reconstrução foi estendida bilateralmente às artérias ilíacas comuns com endopróteses ETLW<sup>®</sup>, preservando-se as artérias ilíacas internas. A angiografia final demonstrou exclusão completa do saco aneurismático, ausência de <italic>endoleaks</italic> e preservação dos fluxos arteriais (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f6">Figuras 3A</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f6">3B</xref>). O fechamento dos acessos vasculares foi realizado por técnica percutânea com dispositivos de sutura, sendo necessários dispositivos ProGlide<sup>®</sup> adicionais para controle de sangramento no sítio de acesso.</p>
				<fig id="f5">
					<label>Figura 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Angiografia por subtração digital com dióxido de carbono antes da intervenção, demonstrando volumoso AAA infrarrenal.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-03-e20260042-gf02-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f6">
					<label>Figura 3</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Reparo endovascular do AAA. A) Angiografia de controle após o implante da endoprótese, demonstrando posicionamento adequado e preservação do fluxo nas artérias renais e ilíacas. B) Angiografia demonstrando resultado.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-03-e20260042-gf03-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<p>No pós-operatório, o paciente permaneceu em unidade de terapia intensiva, apresentando estabilidade hemodinâmica, ritmo sinusal e melhora do padrão dispneico. Observou-se plaquetopenia transitória, com nadir de 85.000/<italic>μ</italic>L e recuperação espontânea. O paciente recebeu alta hospitalar no segundo dia de pós-operatório, em bom estado geral e com seguimento ambulatorial programado.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="discussion">
				<title>Discussão</title>
				<p>Doenças cardiovasculares degenerativas, como a EAo grave e o AAA, são prevalentes na população idosa e podem coexistir em um mesmo paciente.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> O presente caso insere-se nesse contexto, uma vez que o paciente, além de apresentar ambas as condições, possuía múltiplas comorbidades que conferiam elevado risco cardiovascular e aumentavam a complexidade da estratégia terapêutica.</p>
				<p>Tradicionalmente, o TAVI para o tratamento da EAo e o EVAR da aorta abdominal são realizados em procedimentos distintos. A realização sequencial de ambas as intervenções em uma única sessão, entretanto, tem emergido como uma alternativa para pacientes selecionados de alto risco, com o potencial de reduzir a exposição a múltiplos procedimentos e favorecer uma recuperação mais rápida.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> A EAo grave está associada a maior risco de complicações durante cirurgias não cardíacas, e sua coexistência com AAA acrescenta complexidade ao manejo hemodinâmico durante o reparo do aneurisma, reforçando a importância de uma estratégia terapêutica individualizada e integrada.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Relatos de caso e pequenas séries têm demonstrado a viabilidade técnica da realização concomitante de TAVI e EVAR em uma mesma sessão.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref></sup> Essa estratégia pode estar associada à redução do tempo total de internação e, potencialmente, de algumas complicações perioperatórias. Em estudo retrospectivo multicêntrico envolvendo 44 pacientes, dos quais 25 foram submetidos aos procedimentos concomitantemente, Gallitto et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref></sup> observaram menor tempo de internação e menor ocorrência de complicações pulmonares com a abordagem simultânea, sem diferença aparente na sobrevida durante o seguimento. Esses achados, embora promissores, devem ser interpretados com cautela diante do reduzido tamanho amostral e da natureza observacional dos dados.</p>
				<p>Alternativamente, TAVI e EVAR podem ser realizados de forma estagiada, e a definição da sequência dos procedimentos deve considerar a condição clínica predominante, a anatomia vascular, o risco de ruptura do aneurisma e a gravidade da EAo, preferencialmente após avaliação multidisciplinar.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref></sup> Em determinadas situações, pode-se optar pela realização inicial do EVAR, considerando-se a preocupação teórica de que o aumento da pressão arterial sistêmica após a correção da EAo possa elevar o risco de ruptura do aneurisma. Em contrapartida, o TAVI pode ser priorizado quando a EAo constitui o principal determinante dos sintomas ou do risco clínico imediato.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup> No presente caso, optou-se pela realização sequencial de TAVI e EVAR em um único ato operatório, estratégia associada a evolução clínica favorável e alta hospitalar no segundo dia de pós-operatório.</p>
				<p>Apesar de suas potenciais vantagens, a realização de TAVI e EVAR em uma única sessão impõe desafios técnicos e logísticos e requer planejamento criterioso e atuação de equipe multidisciplinar experiente. A definição da sequência das intervenções deve considerar, entre outros fatores, a gravidade da EAo, o risco de ruptura do AAA e as características anatômicas individuais.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup> Além disso, o manejo adequado da terapia antitrombótica é relevante para equilibrar os riscos de eventos trombóticos e hemorrágicos,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup> enquanto recursos avançados de imagem contribuem para o planejamento e a precisão dos implantes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup> Nesse contexto, a discussão pelo <italic>Heart Team</italic> assume papel central na seleção dos pacientes e na definição da estratégia terapêutica mais apropriada.</p>
				<p>A realização dos dois procedimentos em uma única sessão apresenta potenciais vantagens, entre as quais se destacam a possibilidade de redução do tempo de hospitalização e de aceleração da recuperação, aspectos particularmente relevantes em pacientes idosos, frágeis e com múltiplas comorbidades.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> A estratégia também evita a exposição repetida à anestesia e aos riscos inerentes a dois procedimentos independentes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup> No presente caso, a preservação da função renal constituiu uma preocupação adicional em razão da DRC não dialítica. A utilização de CO<sub>2</sub>-DSA com redução da exposição ao MCI representa uma estratégia útil para minimizar a carga de contraste em pacientes com comprometimento da função renal.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Por outro lado, a abordagem em tempo único apresenta limitações inerentes à maior complexidade técnica e à necessidade de equipe especializada, planejamento detalhado e disponibilidade de recursos específicos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> A maior duração do procedimento pode aumentar a exposição à anestesia e à radiação,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup> enquanto a necessidade de dispositivos, materiais e infraestrutura especializados pode elevar os custos relacionados à intervenção.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup></p>
				<p>O prognóstico após a realização sequencial de TAVI e EVAR é multifatorial e depende, em grande medida, da seleção criteriosa dos pacientes e da experiência da equipe responsável.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup> Essa abordagem é geralmente considerada em pacientes com elevado risco cirúrgico, nos quais a realização de procedimentos separados pode representar maior risco em razão da coexistência das duas condições.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> Evidências preliminares sugerem resultados periprocedurais favoráveis em pacientes cuidadosamente selecionados, com taxas aceitáveis de morbidade e mortalidade.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup></p>
				<p>A sobrevida em longo prazo é influenciada pelo sucesso dos procedimentos, pelas comorbidades preexistentes e pelo estado clínico geral do paciente. Nesse contexto, o acompanhamento pós-operatório regular é essencial para avaliar o desempenho das próteses e monitorar a evolução cardiovascular.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup> Estudos futuros, envolvendo coortes maiores e períodos prolongados de seguimento, são necessários para determinar com maior precisão o impacto dessa estratégia sobre o prognóstico de pacientes com condições clínicas complexas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup></p>
				<p>O presente relato apresenta algumas limitações que devem ser consideradas. Não foi realizado eletrocardiograma antes das intervenções, o que limitou a caracterização eletrocardiográfica basal do paciente. Além disso, não foi realizada avaliação sistemática da qualidade de vida por meio de instrumentos específicos e validados antes dos procedimentos e durante o seguimento pós-operatório precoce e tardio.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="conclusions">
				<title>Conclusão</title>
				<p>O presente relato de caso demonstra a viabilidade e o sucesso da realização combinada de TAVI e EVAR para o tratamento concomitante da EAo grave e do AAA em um paciente idoso com múltiplas comorbidades e elevado risco cirúrgico. A abordagem minimamente invasiva em tempo único possibilitou o tratamento de ambas as condições, com evolução clínica favorável, curto período de internação e recuperação precoce. Esses achados reforçam o potencial dessa estratégia como alternativa terapêutica em pacientes cuidadosamente selecionados, particularmente naqueles em que procedimentos cirúrgicos convencionais estão associados a risco elevado.</p>
			</sec>
		</body>
		<back>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure" id="fn5">
					<label>Fontes de Financiamento</label>
					<p>O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn6">
					<label>Vinculação Acadêmica</label>
					<p>Não há vinculação deste estudo a programas de pós-graduação.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn7">
					<label>Aprovação Ética e Consentimento Informado</label>
					<p>Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa Leide das Neves Ferreira – LNF sob o número de protocolo 92462825.6.0000.5082, em 14/10/2025. Todos os procedimentos envolvidos nesse estudo estão de acordo com a Declaração de Helsinki de 1975, atualizada em 2013. O consentimento informado foi obtido de todos os participantes incluídos no estudo.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn8">
					<label>Uso de Inteligência Artificial</label>
					<p>Os autores não utilizaram ferramentas de inteligência artificial no desenvolvimento deste trabalho.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
			<sec sec-type="data-availability" specific-use="data-not-available">
				<title>Disponibilidade de Dados</title>
				<p>Os dados não podem ser disponibilizados publicamente.</p>
			</sec>
		</back>
	</sub-article>
</article>