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<article article-type="case-report" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abcic</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>ABC Imagem Cardiovascular</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ABC Imagem Cardiovasc.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="ppub">2318-8219</issn>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiolodia (DIC/SBC)</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="other">02206</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20260040i</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Case Report</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>A Hidden Connection: Anomalous Left Circumflex Artery Arising From the Right Pulmonary Artery Unveiled by Cardiovascular Computed Tomography</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0005-5996-8045</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Hassan</surname>
						<given-names>Mubariz Ahmed</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0007-7335-6349</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Alzahrani</surname>
						<given-names>Ashraf</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1443-7177</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Mhanna</surname>
						<given-names>Mohammad</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6405-3820</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Abdelkarim</surname>
						<given-names>Ola</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8871-7476</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Bello</surname>
						<given-names>Rodrigo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0983-1930</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Savoia</surname>
						<given-names>Paulo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4674-6337</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Suksaranjit</surname>
						<given-names>Promporn</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7996-3584</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Delcour</surname>
						<given-names>Kimberly</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff1">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Iowa</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">IA</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="US">USA</country>
					<institution content-type="original">University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa, IA – USA</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">
					<label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>Mubariz Ahmed Hassan</bold> • 1000 Oakcrest St. Apt 303. Postal code: <postal-code>52246</postal-code>. Iowa City, IA - USA. E-mail: <email>mubariz-hassan@uiowa.edu</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="coi-statement">
					<label>Potential Conflict of Interest</label>
					<p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<label>Editor responsible for the review:</label>
					<p>Marcelo Tavares</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>25</day>
				<month>06</month>
				<year>2026</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<year>2026</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>39</volume>
			<issue>2</issue>
			<elocation-id>e20260040</elocation-id>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>30</day>
					<month>04</month>
					<year>2026</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="rev-recd">
					<day>04</day>
					<month>05</month>
					<year>2026</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>04</day>
					<month>05</month>
					<year>2026</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<title>Keywords</title>
				<kwd>Coronary Vessels</kwd>
				<kwd>Pulmonary Artery</kwd>
				<kwd>X-Ray Computed Tomography</kwd>
				<kwd>Cardiac Catheterization</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<funding-group>
				<funding-statement><bold>Sources of Funding</bold> There were no external funding sources for this study.</funding-statement>
			</funding-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="8"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="4"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<sec sec-type="intro">
			<title>Introduction</title>
			<p>Congenital coronary artery anomalies are uncommon but clinically significant conditions that may present across a broad spectrum, ranging from incidental findings to myocardial ischemia, ventricular arrhythmias, heart failure (HF), and sudden cardiac death (SCD). In adults, anomalous coronary origins may be particularly challenging to recognize because symptoms are often nonspecific and may overlap with more prevalent causes of chest pain, dyspnea, or palpitations.</p>
			<p>In rare cases, a coronary artery may originate from the pulmonary arterial circulation, resulting in myocardial perfusion that depends on collateral flow from the remaining coronary arteries arising from the aorta, thereby predisposing the myocardium to ischemia-related electrical instability. Noninvasive anatomical imaging plays a pivotal role in establishing a definitive diagnosis, particularly when conventional angiography is inconclusive.</p>
			<p>We report an exceptionally rare case of an anomalous left circumflex artery (LCx) arising from the right pulmonary artery (RPA), identified after invasive coronary angiography failed to selectively engage the LCx. Subsequent cardiovascular computed tomography (CT) precisely delineated the anomalous origin and demonstrated a collateral-dependent perfusion pattern.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="cases">
			<title>Case report</title>
			<p>A 48-year-old man with a history of ventricular bigeminy, obstructive sleep apnea, and peripheral edema presented for evaluation of symptomatic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). Initial ambulatory Holter monitoring demonstrated a high PVC burden (34%), rare atrial ectopy, and episodes of nonsustained supraventricular tachycardia. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed mildly reduced left ventricular (LV) systolic function, with an ejection fraction of 45%-50%. Following initiation of beta-blocker therapy, the patient developed progressive dyspnea, worsening palpitations, and functional limitation, leading to treatment discontinuation.</p>
			<p>Coronary angiography was performed because of abnormal stress test findings and concern for underlying myocardial ischemia. During the procedure, selective engagement of the LCx was unsuccessful, raising suspicion for a congenital coronary anomaly. Subsequent cardiovascular CT clearly demonstrated an anomalous origin of the LCx from the RPA, with collateral retrograde perfusion supplied by a dominant right coronary artery (RCA), as shown in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>-<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">4</xref>.</p>
			<fig id="f1">
				<label>Figure 1</label>
				<caption>
					<title>Yellow arrow indicating the stump of the RPA from which the LCx originates.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260040-gf01.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<fig id="f2">
				<label>Figure 2</label>
				<caption>
					<title>3D reconstruction generated using Vitrea software demonstrating the course of the LCx arising from the RPA. The image also shows the aortic root with a separate origin of the LCx from the left coronary cusp.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260040-gf02.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<fig id="f3">
				<label>Figure 3</label>
				<caption>
					<title>Aortography demonstrating the ostia of the left main coronary artery and RCA. No ostium of the LCx is identified.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260040-gf03.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<fig id="f4">
				<label>Figure 4</label>
				<caption>
					<title>Right anterior oblique caudal projection demonstrating the left coronary system, including the left anterior descending artery and a large first diagonal branch, without visualization of the LCx.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260040-gf04.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<p>This case highlights the critical role of advanced noninvasive imaging in the anatomical characterization of anomalous coronary artery origins, particularly when conventional angiography is inconclusive. Cardiovascular CT provided high-resolution 3D visualization that was essential for accurate diagnosis, risk stratification, and therapeutic planning in a patient initially evaluated for ventricular arrhythmia.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="discussion">
			<title>Discussion</title>
			<p>Congenital coronary artery anomalies comprise a heterogeneous group of rare but clinically significant malformations, with an overall prevalence &lt; 2% in the general population. Among these anomalies, anomalous origin of the LCx from the RPA is exceptionally rare, with only isolated cases reported in prior research.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Although many coronary anomalies remain asymptomatic, anomalous coronary origins may lead to myocardial ischemia, ventricular arrhythmias, HF, or SCD, particularly when myocardial perfusion depends on collateral circulation.</p>
			<p>In the present case, the patient's high PVC burden, combined with the inability to selectively engage the LCx during invasive coronary angiography, raised suspicion for an anomalous coronary anatomy. Although invasive angiography remains the reference standard for coronary artery assessment, its diagnostic capability may be limited in cases involving anomalous vessels arising from non-aortic structures.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> In this context, cardiovascular CT offers substantial advantages, including high spatial resolution, multiplanar reconstruction, and 3D anatomical visualization, all of which are essential for accurately defining anomalous coronary pathways.</p>
			<p>In our patient, cardiovascular CT was instrumental not only in confirming the anomalous origin of the LCx from the RPA but also in demonstrating retrograde collateral perfusion from a dominant RCA to the LCx territory. Identification of this anatomy carries important implications for risk stratification, therapeutic decision-making, and long-term clinical management.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Furthermore, this case highlights the indispensable role of multimodality imaging in contemporary cardiovascular diagnostics, particularly when conventional techniques are inconclusive or potentially misleading.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
			<p>From a management perspective, recognition of a coronary artery originating from the pulmonary circulation is critical because treatment decisions are often guided by symptom burden, evidence of myocardial ischemia, ventricular function, arrhythmic profile, and the adequacy of collateral perfusion. Multidisciplinary assessment involving advanced cardiac imaging specialists, interventional cardiologists, electrophysiologists, and cardiothoracic surgeons may be necessary to individualize management strategies, which can range from clinical surveillance and functional evaluation to surgical or percutaneous intervention in selected high-risk cases. In this patient, advanced cardiovascular CT served as the definitive imaging modality for characterization of a rare congenital coronary anomaly initially investigated in the context of ventricular arrhythmia, underscoring the transformative role of noninvasive imaging in modern cardiovascular medicine.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="conclusions">
			<title>Conclusion</title>
			<p>Anomalous origin of the LCx from the RPA is an exceptionally rare but clinically relevant congenital coronary anomaly, particularly in patients presenting with ventricular arrhythmias, LV dysfunction, or suspected myocardial ischemia. When invasive coronary angiography is nondiagnostic, especially in cases in which the LCx cannot be selectively engaged, cardiovascular CT may serve as the definitive imaging modality for accurate delineation of coronary origin and collateral perfusion patterns. Precise anatomical characterization is essential for appropriate diagnosis, risk stratification, and individualized management planning.</p>
		</sec>
	</body>
	<back>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure" id="fn1">
				<label>Sources of Funding</label>
				<p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
				<label>Study Association</label>
				<p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn3">
				<label>Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate</label>
				<p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn4">
				<label>Use of Artificial Intelligence</label>
				<p>The authors did not use any artificial intelligence tools in the development of this work.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
		<sec sec-type="data-availability" specific-use="data-in-article">
			<title>Availability of Research Data</title>
			<p>The underlying content of the research text is contained within the manuscript.</p>
		</sec>
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	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="pt">
		<front-stub>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20260040</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Uma Conexão Oculta: Artéria Circunflexa Esquerda Anômala Originando-se da Artéria Pulmonar Direita Revelada pela Tomografia Computadorizada Cardiovascular</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0005-5996-8045</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Hassan</surname>
						<given-names>Mubariz Ahmed</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0007-7335-6349</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Alzahrani</surname>
						<given-names>Ashraf</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1443-7177</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Mhanna</surname>
						<given-names>Mohammad</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6405-3820</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Abdelkarim</surname>
						<given-names>Ola</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8871-7476</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Bello</surname>
						<given-names>Rodrigo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0983-1930</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Savoia</surname>
						<given-names>Paulo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4674-6337</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Suksaranjit</surname>
						<given-names>Promporn</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7996-3584</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Delcour</surname>
						<given-names>Kimberly</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff2">
					<label>1</label>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Iowa</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">IA</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="US">EUA</country>
					<institution content-type="original">University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa, IA – EUA</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c2">
					<label>Correspondência:</label><bold>Mubariz Ahmed Hassan</bold> • 1000 Oakcrest St. Apt 303. CEP: 52246. Iowa City, IA - EUA. E-mail: <email>mubariz-hassan@uiowa.edu</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="coi-statement">
					<label>Potencial Conflito de Interesse</label>
					<p>Declaro não haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<label>Editor responsável pela revisão:</label>
					<p>Marcelo Tavares</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
				<title>Palavras-chave</title>
				<kwd>Vasos Coronários</kwd>
				<kwd>Artéria Pulmonar</kwd>
				<kwd>Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X</kwd>
				<kwd>Cateterismo Cardíaco</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<funding-group>
				<funding-statement><bold>Fontes de Financiamento</bold> O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</funding-statement>
			</funding-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<sec sec-type="intro">
				<title>Introdução</title>
				<p>As anomalias congênitas das artérias coronárias são condições incomuns, porém clinicamente significativas, que podem se manifestar em um amplo espectro, variando desde achados incidentais até isquemia miocárdica, arritmias ventriculares, insuficiência cardíaca (IC) e morte súbita cardíaca (MSC). Em adultos, origens coronárias anômalas podem ser particularmente desafiadoras de reconhecer, pois os sintomas frequentemente são inespecíficos e podem se sobrepor a causas mais prevalentes de dor torácica, dispneia ou palpitações.</p>
				<p>Em casos raros, uma artéria coronária pode originar-se da circulação arterial pulmonar, resultando em perfusão miocárdica dependente de fluxo colateral proveniente das demais artérias coronárias originadas da aorta, predispondo, assim, o miocárdio à instabilidade elétrica relacionada à isquemia. A imagem anatômica não invasiva desempenha papel fundamental no estabelecimento do diagnóstico definitivo, particularmente quando a angiografia convencional é inconclusiva.</p>
				<p>Relatamos um caso excepcionalmente raro de artéria circunflexa esquerda (CxE) anômala originando-se da artéria pulmonar direita (APD), identificada após a angiografia coronária invasiva não conseguir cateterizar seletivamente a CxE. Posteriormente, a tomografia computadorizada (TC) cardiovascular delineou com precisão a origem anômala e demonstrou um padrão de perfusão dependente de circulação colateral.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="cases">
				<title>Relato de caso</title>
				<p>Homem de 48 anos, com histórico de bigeminismo ventricular, apneia obstrutiva do sono e edema periférico, apresentou-se para avaliação de batimentos ventriculares prematuros (BVPs) sintomáticas. A monitorização ambulatorial inicial por Holter demonstrou elevada carga de BVPs (34%), ectopia atrial rara e episódios de taquicardia supraventricular não sustentada. O ecocardiograma transtorácico revelou função sistólica do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) discretamente reduzida, com fração de ejeção de 45%-50%. Após o início da terapia com betabloqueador, o paciente desenvolveu dispneia progressiva, piora das palpitações e limitação funcional, levando à descontinuação do tratamento.</p>
				<p>A angiografia coronária foi realizada devido a achados anormais no teste de estresse e à suspeita de isquemia miocárdica subjacente. Durante o procedimento, não foi possível realizar a cateterização seletiva da CxE, levantando suspeita de anomalia coronária congênita. Posteriormente, a TC cardiovascular demonstrou claramente origem anômala da CxE a partir da APD, com perfusão colateral retrógrada fornecida por uma artéria coronária direita (ACD) dominante, como mostrado nas <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f5">Figuras 1</xref> a <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f8">4</xref>.</p>
				<fig id="f5">
					<label>Figura 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Seta amarela indicando o coto da APD a partir do qual se origina a CxE.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260040-gf01-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f6">
					<label>Figura 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Reconstrução tridimensional gerada utilizando o software Vitrea, demonstrando o trajeto da CxE originando-se da APD. A imagem também mostra a raiz da aorta com origem separada da CxE no seio coronariano esquerdo.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260040-gf02-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f7">
					<label>Figura 3</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Aortografia demonstrando os óstios da artéria coronária esquerda principal e da ACD. Nenhum óstio da CxE é identificado.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260040-gf03-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f8">
					<label>Figura 4</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Projeção oblíqua anterior direita caudal demonstrando o sistema coronário esquerdo, incluindo a artéria descendente anterior esquerda e um grande primeiro ramo diagonal, sem visualização da CxE.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260040-gf04-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<p>Este caso destaca o papel crítico da imagem não invasiva avançada na caracterização anatômica das origens anômalas das artérias coronárias, particularmente quando a angiografia convencional é inconclusiva. A TC cardiovascular forneceu visualização tridimensional de alta resolução, essencial para o diagnóstico preciso, estratificação de risco e planejamento terapêutico em um paciente inicialmente avaliado por arritmia ventricular.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="discussion">
				<title>Discussão</title>
				<p>As anomalias congênitas das artérias coronárias compreendem um grupo heterogêneo de malformações raras, porém clinicamente significativas, com prevalência global &lt; 2% na população geral. Entre essas anomalias, a origem anômala da CxE a partir da APD é excepcionalmente rara, com apenas casos isolados relatados em pesquisas anteriores.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Embora muitas anomalias coronárias permaneçam assintomáticas, origens coronárias anômalas podem levar à isquemia miocárdica, arritmias ventriculares, IC ou MSC, particularmente quando a perfusão miocárdica depende de circulação colateral.</p>
				<p>No presente caso, a elevada carga de CVPs do paciente, combinada à impossibilidade de cateterização seletiva da CxE durante a angiografia coronária invasiva, levantou suspeita de anatomia coronária anômala. Embora a angiografia invasiva permaneça como padrão de referência para avaliação das artérias coronárias, sua capacidade diagnóstica pode ser limitada em casos envolvendo vasos anômalos originados de estruturas não aórticas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Nesse contexto, a TC cardiovascular oferece vantagens substanciais, incluindo alta resolução espacial, reconstrução multiplanar e visualização anatômica tridimensional, todas essenciais para definir com precisão trajetos coronários anômalos.</p>
				<p>Em nosso paciente, a TC cardiovascular foi fundamental não apenas para confirmar a origem anômala da CxE a partir da APD, mas também para demonstrar perfusão colateral retrógrada da ACD dominante para o território da CxE. A identificação dessa anatomia possui importantes implicações para estratificação de risco, tomada de decisão terapêutica e manejo clínico em longo prazo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Além disso, este caso destaca o papel indispensável da imagem multimodal nos diagnósticos cardiovasculares contemporâneos, particularmente quando técnicas convencionais são inconclusivas ou potencialmente enganosas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Do ponto de vista do manejo, o reconhecimento de uma artéria coronária originando-se da circulação pulmonar é crítico, pois as decisões terapêuticas frequentemente são guiadas pela carga sintomática, evidência de isquemia miocárdica, função ventricular, perfil arrítmico e adequação da perfusão colateral. A avaliação multidisciplinar envolvendo especialistas em imagem cardíaca avançada, cardiologistas intervencionistas, eletrofisiologistas e cirurgiões cardiotorácicos pode ser necessária para individualizar as estratégias de manejo, que podem variar desde vigilância clínica e avaliação funcional até intervenção cirúrgica ou percutânea em casos selecionados de alto risco. Neste paciente, a TC cardiovascular avançada atuou como modalidade de imagem definitiva para caracterização de uma rara anomalia coronária congênita inicialmente investigada no contexto de arritmia ventricular, ressaltando o papel transformador da imagem não invasiva na medicina cardiovascular moderna.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="conclusions">
				<title>Conclusão</title>
				<p>A origem anômala da CxE a partir da APD é uma anomalia coronária congênita excepcionalmente rara, porém clinicamente relevante, particularmente em pacientes que se apresentam com arritmias ventriculares, disfunção do VE ou suspeita de isquemia miocárdica. Quando a angiografia coronária invasiva é não diagnóstica, especialmente em casos nos quais a CxE não pode ser seletivamente cateterizada, a TC cardiovascular pode atuar como modalidade de imagem definitiva para delineamento preciso da origem coronária e dos padrões de perfusão colateral. A caracterização anatômica precisa é essencial para diagnóstico adequado, estratificação de risco e planejamento individualizado do manejo.</p>
			</sec>
		</body>
		<back>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure" id="fn5">
					<label>Fontes de Financiamento</label>
					<p>O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn6">
					<label>Vinculação Acadêmica</label>
					<p>Não há vinculação deste estudo a programas de pós-graduação.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn7">
					<label>Aprovação Ética e Consentimento Informado</label>
					<p>Este artigo não contém estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn8">
					<label>Uso de Inteligência Artificial</label>
					<p>Os autores não utilizaram ferramentas de inteligência artificial no desenvolvimento deste trabalho.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
			<sec sec-type="data-availability" specific-use="data-in-article">
				<title>Disponibilidade de Dados</title>
				<p>Os conteúdos subjacentes ao texto da pesquisa estão contidos no manuscrito.</p>
			</sec>
		</back>
	</sub-article>
</article>