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<article article-type="case-report" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abcic</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>ABC Imagem Cardiovascular</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ABC Imagem Cardiovasc.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="ppub">2318-8219</issn>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiolodia (DIC/SBC)</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="other">02204</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20260010i</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Case Report</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Giant Atrial Myxoma in a Pregnant Patient: A Case Report</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6359-2678</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barbosa</surname>
						<given-names>Roberto Ramos</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
					<role>Research conception and design</role>
					<role>Data analysis and interpretation</role>
					<role>Manuscript writing</role>
					<role>Critical review of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7154-7826</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Prando</surname>
						<given-names>Caio Badiani</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Research conception and design</role>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>Manuscript writing</role>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4776-0811</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Bianchini</surname>
						<given-names>Victor Macedo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>Manuscript writing</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0978-3377</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barros</surname>
						<given-names>Lucas Crespo de</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Research conception and design</role>
					<role>Data analysis and interpretation</role>
					<role>Critical review of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0490-3456</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Paganini</surname>
						<given-names>Larissa Novaes</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>Data analysis and interpretation</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0003-8927-2298</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barros</surname>
						<given-names>Gracielly</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>Data analysis and interpretation</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-2607-4836</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Dadalt</surname>
						<given-names>Darlan</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>Data analysis and interpretation</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0008-3923-8856</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Guedes</surname>
						<given-names>Sergio Luis Santos</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-8097-4368</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Costa</surname>
						<given-names>Vinicius Eduardo Araújo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0005-6393-6206</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Tito</surname>
						<given-names>Marcus Gustavo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3228-1989</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Nery</surname>
						<given-names>Tiago Bernardo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5093-8329</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Angeli</surname>
						<given-names>Marcio Vinicius de Nardi de</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0009-7168-823X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Viana</surname>
						<given-names>Maria Eduarda Vichi Gomes</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-2936-047X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Roncato</surname>
						<given-names>Mariana Oliveira</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0008-0084-0380</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Auad</surname>
						<given-names>João Paulo Moulin</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data acquisition</role>
					<role>Data analysis and interpretation</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0007-7465-9413</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Oliveira</surname>
						<given-names>Guilherme Freitas Fernandes de</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7219-405X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Serpa</surname>
						<given-names>Renato Giestas</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0795-7740</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Calil</surname>
						<given-names>Osmar Araujo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1092-8190</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barbosa</surname>
						<given-names>Luiz Fernando Machado</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Data analysis and interpretation</role>
					<role>Critical review of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff1">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Vitória</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">ES</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, Vitória, ES – Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">
					<label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>Roberto Ramos Barbosa</bold> • Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória. Rua Dr. João dos Santos Neves, 143. Postal code <postal-code>29010-430</postal-code>. Vila Rubim, Vitória, ES – Brazil E-mail: <email>roberto.cardio@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="coi-statement">
					<label>Potential Conflict of Interest</label>
					<p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<label>Editor responsible for the review:</label>
					<p>Maria Otto</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>22</day>
				<month>06</month>
				<year>2026</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<year>2026</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>39</volume>
			<issue>2</issue>
			<elocation-id>e20260010</elocation-id>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>09</day>
					<month>02</month>
					<year>2026</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="rev-recd">
					<day>29</day>
					<month>03</month>
					<year>2026</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>29</day>
					<month>04</month>
					<year>2026</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<title>Keywords</title>
				<kwd>Myxoma</kwd>
				<kwd>Heart Failure</kwd>
				<kwd>Thoracic Surgery</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<funding-group>
				<funding-statement><bold>Sources of Funding</bold> There were no external funding sources for this study.</funding-statement>
			</funding-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="4"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="10"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<sec sec-type="intro">
			<title>Introduction</title>
			<p>Atrial myxoma is the most prevalent primary heart tumor.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Clinical manifestations of myxomas are usually nonspecific, and they may present with dyspnea, fatigue, reduced functional capacity, edema, and, eventually, cerebral embolic events with focal neurological deficits.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Although they are classified as benign neoplasms, most commonly located in the left atrium, they can cause obstruction of intracardiac blood flow and, when friable, systemic embolism with consequent tissue ischemia.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
			<p>In spite of higher prevalence in women (65%), diagnosis during pregnancy is considered uncommon, with greater challenges in treatment and an increased risk of fetal death.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> We report the case of a pregnant patient with a complication of atrial myxoma that manifested during labor.</p>
			<sec sec-type="cases">
				<title>Case report</title>
				<p>A 28-year-old primigravida female patient, who was previously healthy, received low-risk prenatal care in the obstetrics department of a tertiary hospital. Her blood pressure was normal at all appointments, and she used multivitamins and calcium supplements. At the end of the third trimester of pregnancy, she began to report a progressive increase in dyspnea and orthopnea, associated with lower limb edema, without relieving factors.</p>
				<p>At gestational age consistent with 37 weeks and 2 days, she was admitted to a routine-risk maternity ward linked to a tertiary hospital, reporting worsening of the symptoms mentioned during prenatal care. Fetal vitality assessment was performed using cardiotocography, which showed signs indicative of fetal compromise, mainly due to fetal bradycardia. The patient was referred to the surgical center for a cesarean section, which proceeded without complications, except for a persistent cough throughout the surgery and bleeding in multiple tissue planes, requiring intraoperative administration of tranexamic acid.</p>
				<p>Five hours after the procedure, she developed a seizure of unclear etiology, associated with oliguria and progressive dyspnea, requiring orotracheal intubation due to decreased level of consciousness. She also presented significant periorbital and lower limb edema. On the same day, she was referred to a secondary care hospital due to the unavailability of resources for adequate diagnosis and management at the maternity ward. The electrocardiograms performed did not show any noteworthy alterations. Transthoracic echocardiography identified the presence of a large mass in the left atrium, associated with right heart chamber overload, diffuse right ventricular hypokinesia, and pulmonary hypertension, with estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) of 91 mmHg. The patient was subsequently referred to a tertiary cardiology referral center and cardiac surgery due to suspected mechanical obstruction of blood flow through the mitral valve.</p>
				<p>Following successful extubation, she underwent a new transthoracic echocardiogram, which revealed significant left atrial dilation (linear measurement of 47 mm, indexed volume of 62.2 mL/m<sup>2</sup>), with the presence of a large mobile mass in the left atrium, which projected into the mitral valve opening during diastole (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>), associated with increased right ventricular dimensions (diastolic diameter of 45 mm), moderate systolic dysfunction, estimated PASP of 100 mmHg and borderline left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction of 57%, using Simpson's method).</p>
				<fig id="f1">
					<label>Figure 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Transthoracic echocardiography in apical 4-chamber view. (A) Image suggestive of a mass in the left atrium (white arrow); (B) Image of the same mass projecting into the mitral valve orifice during diastole and occupying the left ventricle (blue arrow). LA: left atrium; LV: left ventricle; RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260010-gf01.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<p>During hospitalization, the patient underwent surgical resection of the mobile mass identified on echocardiography. Through sternotomy and using cardiopulmonary bypass, a left atriotomy was performed with resection of the interatrial septum and identification of a 10-centimeter atrial myxoma (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 2</xref>) firmly adherent to the ostia of the right pulmonary veins, with a friable texture, which was resected with the right pulmonary vein and part of the left atrial wall. For complete resection, a right atriotomy with atrial septotomy was also necessary due to the extensive adherence of the myxoma. It was necessary to perform reconstruction of the interatrial septum, the left atrial wall, and the pulmonary veins, using a bovine pericardial patch. The procedure was completed without complications, and the surgical specimen was sent for histopathological analysis, which identified a myxoma measuring 10.0 × 8.6 × 3.3 cm and weighing 54 g, without associated malignant processes.</p>
				<fig id="f2">
					<label>Figure 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Surgical specimen of the atrial myxoma (yellow arrow).</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260010-gf02.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<p>Before hospital discharge, a postoperative follow-up transthoracic echocardiogram was performed, showing a significant reduction in PASP to 46 mmHg and preserved systolic and diastolic function in both ventricles. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the fourth postoperative day and remained asymptomatic during routine follow-up at the unit's outpatient clinic.</p>
			</sec>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="discussion">
			<title>Discussion</title>
			<p>Although the clinical picture is considered nonspecific, the symptoms of left atrial myxoma vary according to location, size, and mobility.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> In the reported case, the prolapse of the mass through the mitral valve orifice obstructed the left ventricular inflow tract and pulmonary venous return, raising filling pressures and triggering symptoms of cough and dyspnea, followed by acute pulmonary edema. An oligosymptomatic clinical course was likely misinterpreted as normal progression of pregnancy, with symptom exacerbation at the end of gestation and further worsening during and immediately after surgery.</p>
			<p>The most commonly indicated treatment for clinically significant atrial myxomas is complete surgical resection, which presents excellent clinical outcomes and a low incidence of tumor recurrence, especially when accompanied by periodic echocardiographic monitoring.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Various surgical techniques for left atrial myxoma resection, in addition to median sternotomy, have been described and are considered in different services, such as minimally invasive video-assisted surgery via minithoracotomy and right anterolateral minithoracotomy.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> However, in addition to being indicated in individualized situations, they require a higher level of specialization and availability of specific resources.</p>
			<p>In order to ensure a complete surgical approach and better results, intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography is recommended, given that the main goals of surgery also include prevention of tumor recurrence. Risk factors associated with recurrence include incomplete resection, intracardiac implantation, embolization, and intraoperative displacement of tumor material. For this reason, a clear and comprehensive operative field should be considered, in addition to intraoperative echocardiography to confirm the absence of tumor residues.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
			<p>Pregnancy is a condition in which several modifications occur in the maternal organism in order to ensure optimal fetal development, such as increased cardiac output, increased blood volume, and reduced peripheral vascular resistance.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Therefore, it is reasonable to consider whether the adaptations mentioned, especially maternal hypervolemia, may have contributed to our patient's clinical presentation. The hemodynamic changes at the end of pregnancy were added to those of the surgical trauma, culminating in a severe case of acute pulmonary edema, which required orotracheal intubation and initiated the urgent investigation of the cardiovascular abnormality.</p>
			<p>We report a rare case of giant atrial myxoma in a pregnant patient, which manifested with typical symptoms of cardiac congestion and acute worsening after cesarean delivery, with a high risk of mortality. This highlights the importance of clinical reasoning and suspicion of possible differential diagnoses, especially given that, from an epidemiological perspective, atrial myxoma is rare during pregnancy, which can hinder diagnosis and delay appropriate treatment.</p>
		</sec>
	</body>
	<back>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure" id="fn1">
				<label>Sources of Funding</label>
				<p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
				<label>Study Association</label>
				<p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn3">
				<label>Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate</label>
				<p>This study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), under protocol number CAAE 93811125.0.0000.5065, opinion number 8.000.875. All procedures involved in this study were conducted in accordance with the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki, updated in 2013.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn4">
				<label>Use of artificial intelligence</label>
				<p>The authors did not use any artificial intelligence tools in the development of this work.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
		<sec sec-type="data-availability" specific-use="data-in-article">
			<title>Availability of Research Data</title>
			<p>The underlying content of the research text is contained within the manuscript.</p>
		</sec>
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	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="pt">
		<front-stub>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20260010</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Mixoma Atrial Gigante em Gestante: Relato de Caso</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6359-2678</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barbosa</surname>
						<given-names>Roberto Ramos</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7154-7826</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Prando</surname>
						<given-names>Caio Badiani</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4776-0811</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Bianchini</surname>
						<given-names>Victor Macedo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0978-3377</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barros</surname>
						<given-names>Lucas Crespo de</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0490-3456</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Paganini</surname>
						<given-names>Larissa Novaes</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0003-8927-229</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barros</surname>
						<given-names>Gracielly</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-2607-4836</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Dadalt</surname>
						<given-names>Darlan</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0008-3923-8856</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Guedes</surname>
						<given-names>Sergio Luis Santos</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-8097-4368</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Costa</surname>
						<given-names>Vinicius Eduardo Araújo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0005-6393-6206</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Tito</surname>
						<given-names>Marcus Gustavo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3228-1989</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Nery</surname>
						<given-names>Tiago Bernardo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5093-8329</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Angeli</surname>
						<given-names>Marcio Vinicius de Nardi de</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0009-7168-823X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Viana</surname>
						<given-names>Maria Eduarda Vichi Gomes</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-2936-047X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Roncato</surname>
						<given-names>Mariana Oliveira</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0008-0084-0380</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Auad</surname>
						<given-names>João Paulo Moulin</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">009-0007-7465-9413</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Oliveira</surname>
						<given-names>Guilherme Freitas Fernandes de</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7219-405X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Serpa</surname>
						<given-names>Renato Giestas</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0795-7740</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Calil</surname>
						<given-names>Osmar Araujo</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1092-8190</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barbosa</surname>
						<given-names>Luiz Fernando Machado</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff2">
					<label>1</label>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Vitória</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">ES</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, Vitória, ES – Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c2">
					<label>Correspondência:</label><bold>Roberto Ramos Barbosa</bold> • Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória. Rua Dr. João dos Santos Neves, 143. CEP: <postal-code>29010-430</postal-code>. Vila Rubim, Vitória, ES – Brasil E-mail: <email>roberto.cardio@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="coi-statement">
					<label>Potencial conflito de interesse</label>
					<p>Declaro não haver conflitos de interesse pertinentes.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<label>Editor responsável pela revisão:</label>
					<p>Maria Otto</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
				<title>Palavras-chave</title>
				<kwd>Mixoma</kwd>
				<kwd>Insuficiência Cardíaca</kwd>
				<kwd>Cirurgia Torácica</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<funding-group>
				<funding-statement><bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold> O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</funding-statement>
			</funding-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<sec sec-type="intro">
				<title>Introdução</title>
				<p>Entre os tumores primários do coração, o mixoma atrial é o mais prevalente na população.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> A manifestação clínica dos mixomas costuma ser inespecífica, podendo apresentar dispneia, fadiga, redução da capacidade funcional, edema e, eventualmente, embolizações cerebrais com déficits neurológicos focais.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Embora sejam neoplasias benignas, tendo como localização mais comum o átrio esquerdo, podem causar obstrução ao fluxo sanguíneo intracardíaco e, quando friáveis, embolizações sistêmicas com consequente isquemia tecidual.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Apesar da maior prevalência em mulheres (65%), seu diagnóstico durante a gestação é considerado incomum, com maiores desafios no tratamento e risco aumentado de óbito fetal.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Relatamos a seguir uma complicação referente a um mixoma atrial em uma gestante, que se manifestou durante o trabalho de parto.</p>
				<sec sec-type="cases">
					<title>Relato de caso</title>
					<p>Paciente de 28 anos, do sexo feminino, primigesta, previamente hígida, fazia acompanhamento em pré-natal de baixo risco no setor de obstetrícia de um hospital terciário, normotensa em todas as consultas, em uso de polivitamínicos e suplemento de cálcio. Ao final do terceiro trimestre da gestação, passou a relatar aumento progressivo de dispneia e ortopneia, associadas a edema de membros inferiores, sem fatores de melhora.</p>
					<p>Com idade gestacional compatível com 37 semanas e 2 dias, deu entrada em maternidade de risco habitual vinculada a hospital terciário alegando piora dos sintomas citados durante o pré-natal. Realizou-se uma avaliação da vitalidade fetal por meio da cardiotocografia que apresentou sinais indicativos de interrupção da gestação, principalmente por bradicardia fetal. A paciente foi encaminhada ao centro cirúrgico para a realização de cesariana que transcorreu sem intercorrências, exceto por uma tosse persistente durante toda a cirurgia e sangramento aumentado em todos os planos, com necessidade de administração de ácido tranexâmico intraoperatório.</p>
					<p>Cinco horas após o procedimento, evoluiu com quadro convulsivo sem etiologia esclarecida, associado a oligúria e dispneia progressiva, necessitando de intubação orotraqueal por rebaixamento do nível de consciência. Apresentou também importante edema periorbitário e em membros inferiores. No mesmo dia, foi encaminhada a hospital de atenção secundária por indisponibilidade de recursos para diagnóstico e manejo adequados na maternidade. Os eletrocardiogramas realizados não mostraram alterações dignas de nota. Ecocardiograma transtorácico identificou a presença de uma grande massa em átrio esquerdo, associada a sobrecarga de cavidades direitas, hipocinesia difusa de ventrículo direito e hipertensão pulmonar, com pressão sistólica da artéria pulmonar (PSAP) estimada de 91 mmHg. Em seguida, a paciente foi encaminhada a hospital terciário de referência em cardiologia e cirurgia cardíaca pela suspeita de obstrução mecânica ao fluxo sanguíneo pela valva mitral.</p>
					<p>Após extubação bem-sucedida, foi submetida a novo ecocardiograma transtorácico, o qual revelou uma dilatação importante do átrio esquerdo (medida linear de 47 mm, volume indexado de 62,2 mL/m<sup>2</sup>) com a presença de volumosa massa móvel em seu interior, que se projetava na abertura da valva mitral durante a diástole (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figura 1</xref>), associada a aumento de dimensões do ventrículo direito (diâmetro diastólico de 45 mm) e disfunção sistólica moderada, PSAP estimada em 100 mmHg e função sistólica de ventrículo esquerdo limítrofe (fração de ejeção pelo método de Simpson de 57%).</p>
					<fig id="f3">
						<label>Figura 1</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Ecocardiografia transtorácica em janela apical de 4 câmaras. A) Imagem sugestiva de massa no átrio esquerdo (seta branca); B) Imagem da mesma massa se projetando no orifício da valva mitral durante a diástole e ocupando o ventrículo esquerdo (seta azul). AD: átrio direito; AE: átrio esquerdo; VD: ventrículo direito; VE: ventrículo esquerdo.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260010-gf01-pt.tif"/>
					</fig>
					<p>Durante a internação, foi submetida a ressecção cirúrgica da massa móvel identificada na ecocardiografia. Através de esternotomia e utilização de circulação extracorpórea, realizou-se uma atriotomia esquerda com ressecção do septo interatrial e identificação de um mixoma atrial de 10 centímetros (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figura 2</xref>) fortemente aderido aos óstios das veias pulmonares direitas, de textura friável, que foi ressecado junto à veia pulmonar direita e parte da parede atrial esquerda. Para ressecção completa, foi necessária também atriotomia direita com atriosseptotomia, devido à ampla aderência do mixoma. Foi necessária reconstrução do septo interatrial e da parede atrial esquerda junto com as veias pulmonares, utilizando <italic>patch</italic> de pericárdio bovino. O procedimento foi finalizado sem intercorrências e a peça cirúrgica enviada para estudo histopatológico, que após análise identificou um mixoma de 10,0 × 8,6 × 3,3 cm e 54 g, sem processos malignos associados.</p>
					<fig id="f4">
						<label>Figura 2</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Peça cirúrgica do mixoma atrial (seta amarela).</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcic-39-02-e20260010-gf02-pt.tif"/>
					</fig>
					<p>Após a cirurgia, foi realizado novo ecocardiograma transtorácico de controle antes da alta hospitalar, que evidenciou redução significativa da PSAP para 46 mmHg e preservação das funções sistólica e diastólica de ambos os ventrículos. A paciente recebeu alta da internação no quarto dia de pós-operatório e persistiu assintomática em acompanhamento de rotina no ambulatório da unidade.</p>
				</sec>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="discussion">
				<title>Discussão</title>
				<p>Apesar de apresentarem um quadro clínico considerado inespecífico, as manifestações sintomáticas dos mixomas atriais esquerdos variam de acordo com sua localização, tamanho e mobilidade.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> No caso da paciente relatada, o prolapso da massa pelo orifício da valva mitral obstruía a via de entrada do ventrículo esquerdo e o retorno venoso pulmonar, elevando as pressões de enchimento e desencadeando sintomas de tosse e dispneia, seguidos de edema pulmonar agudo. Provavelmente, um quadro oligossintomático foi confundido com a própria evolução da gestação, com exacerbação dos sintomas no final da gestação e a agudização mais severa que se manifestou no intraoperatório e pós-operatório imediato.</p>
				<p>O tratamento majoritariamente considerado para os mixomas atriais com repercussão clínica é a ressecção cirúrgica completa, que apresenta excelente desfecho clínico e baixa incidência de recorrência do tumor, especialmente quando acompanhada de monitoramento ecocardiográfico periódico.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Técnicas operatórias diversas para a ressecção do mixoma atrial esquerdo, além da esternotomia mediana, já foram descritas e são consideradas em diferentes serviços, como a cirurgia videoassistida minimamente invasiva via minitoracotomia e a minitoracotomia anterolateral direita.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Porém, além de serem indicadas em situações individualizadas, requerem maior nível de especialização e disponibilidade de recursos específicos.</p>
				<p>A fim de garantir uma abordagem cirúrgica completa e melhores resultados, recomenda-se a realização intraoperatória de ecocardiograma transesofágico, visto que os principais objetivos da cirurgia também incluem a prevenção da recorrência do tumor. São fatores de risco associados à recorrência: ressecção incompleta, implantação intracardíaca, embolização e o deslocamento intraoperatório do material tumoral. Por este motivo, uma visão clara e enriquecida do campo deve ser considerada, além de ecocardiografia intraoperatória para confirmar a inexistência de resíduos tumorais.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Cabe ressaltar que a gestação é uma condição em que ocorrem diversas modificações no organismo materno a fim de suprir o feto e providenciar seu melhor desenvolvimento, como aumento do débito cardíaco, aumento da volemia e redução da resistência vascular periférica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Logo, vale questionar se as adaptações citadas, em especial a hipervolemia materna, podem ter contribuído para a expressão sintomatológica da nossa paciente. As alterações hemodinâmicas do final da gravidez se somaram às do trauma cirúrgico, culminando no quadro grave de edema agudo de pulmão, que exigiu intubação orotraqueal e iniciou a investigação urgente da alteração cardiovascular.</p>
				<p>Relatamos um caso raro de mixoma atrial gigante em gestante, que se manifestou com sintomas típicos de congestão cardíaca e agravamento agudo após parto cesáreo, com elevado risco de óbito. Destaca-se a importância do raciocínio clínico e da suspeição de possíveis diagnósticos diferenciais, especialmente pelo fato de que, epidemiologicamente, a presença de mixoma é rara em gestantes, o que pode dificultar o diagnóstico e atrasar o tratamento adequado.</p>
			</sec>
		</body>
		<back>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure" id="fn5">
					<label>Fontes de financiamento</label>
					<p>O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn6">
					<label>Vinculação acadêmica</label>
					<p>Não há vinculação deste estudo a programas de pós-graduação.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn7">
					<label>Aprovação ética e consentimento informado</label>
					<p>Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória – EMESCAM, sob o número de protocolo CAAE 93811125.0.0000.5065, parecer 8.000.875. Todos os procedimentos envolvidos nesse estudo estão de acordo com a Declaração de Helsinki de 1975, atualizada em 2013.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn8">
					<label>Uso de inteligência artificial</label>
					<p>Os autores não utilizaram ferramentas de inteligência artificial no desenvolvimento deste trabalho.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
			<sec sec-type="data-availability" specific-use="data-in-article">
				<title>Disponibilidade de dados</title>
				<p>Os conteúdos subjacentes ao texto da pesquisa estão contidos no manuscrito.</p>
			</sec>
		</back>
	</sub-article>
</article>